커뮤니티 > 자유게시판 > re: 캐나다의 초경량 기준

대한스포츠항공협회

HOME ＞커뮤니티＞자유게시판

작성일 : 07-09-03 00:00

re: 캐나다의 초경량 기준

글쓴이 : 이종일

추천 : 0

☞ 서포츠 님께서 남기신 글에 대해 한번 생각해 봅니다.

현재 미국을 제외한 대부분의 나라에서 캐나다, 호주, 유럽(이탈리아,영국,독일,...., 등) 등 초경량 항공기 제도를 운영하고 있습니다.

서포츠님의 말씀은 우리나라에서만 초경량 항공기를 항공기가 아닌 비행장치로 운영하고 있으니, 초경량 항공기도 무게기준 변경요구에 앞서 항공기로 법개정을 해야 한다는 말씀으로 이해됩니다.

다음은 캐나다의 초경량항공기협회에 소개된 초경량 기준입니다.

출처 : http://www.upac.ca/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=150&Itemid=38

1. 내용을 요약해 보면 캐나다의 GA항공기의 정의는 다음과 같습니다.(제 해석이 잘못되었다면 댓글 부탁드립니다.)

(1) Basic Ultralight - 1인승

- 등록기호 : C-Ixxx

- 무게제한 : 165 kg(조종사를 제외하고 연료와 오일 무게 포함)

- 제작 : Owner

- Pilot Permit : Ultralight Aeroplane

(2) Ultralight - 2인승

- 등록기호 : C-Ixxx

- 무게제한 : 195 kg(연료와 오일 무게 포함)

- 제작 : Owner

- Pilot Permit : Ultralight Aeroplane

- 승객 탑승 금지(2명의 Pilot만 탑승가능)

(3) Ultralight - 1인승 또는 2인승

- 등록기호 : C-Ixxx

- 무게제한 : 544 kg MTOW

- 제작 : Owner

- Pilot Permit : Ultralight Aeroplane

- 승객 탑승 금지(2명의 Pilot만 탑승가능)

(4) Advanced Ultralight

- 등록기호 : C-Ixxx

- 무게제한 : 480 kg MTOW(plus Float Allowance)

- 제작 : Manufacturer or Owner from the Manufacture's kit

- Pilot Permit : Ultralight Aeroplane

- 승객 탑승 : Recreational 또는 그 이상의 면장시 가능

(Ultralight 면장2명의 Pilot만 탑승가능)

(5) Amateur-Built(home built 또는 Experimental)

- 등록기호 : C-Fxxx or C-Gxxx

- 무게제한 : 400 lb gross weight(약 1,800kg)

- 제작 : Owner(51% 이상 제작 및 비행전 2회의 검사)

- Pilot Permit : Recreational 또는 그 이상의 면장

* However, if the aircraft meets the new definition of ultralight, it can

be flown by an ultralight pilot, but not with a passenger.

- 승객 탑승 : Recreational 또는 그 이상의 면장시 가능

(6) Certified

- 등록기호 : C-Fxxx or C-Gxxx

- 무게제한 : no limit

- 제작 : Manufacturer

- Pilot Permit : Recreational 또는 그 이상의 면장

* However, if the aircraft meets the new definition of ultralight, it can

be flown by an ultralight pilot, but not with a passenger.

- 승객 탑승 : Recreational 또는 그 이상의 면장시 가능

What are the aircraft classes (types) in Canada?

Canadian General Aviation Aircraft Classifications

Current as of October, 1996

With the new Canadian Aviation Regulations and the Ultralight and Advanced Ultralight Interim Strategy, ultralights are divided into two classes, Basic and Advanced. Ultralights had been defined by launch weight and wing loading. The Interim Strategy adds another definition of ultralight based on gross weight and stall speed.

Basic Ultralights Ultralight - Single Place

Call Letters - C-Ixxx
Weight Limits - 165 kg (363 lbs) launch weight (includes the weight of fuel and oil but not pilot)
Government Standard - weight and wing loading limits
Construction By - owner
Aircraft Modifications - owner permitted to make modifications
Maintenance - as needed, by owner
Minimum Pilot Permit/License - Pilot Permit - Ultralight Aeroplane

Ultralight - two place

Call Letters - C-Ixxx
Weight Limits - 195 kg (429 lbs) launch weight (includes weight of full fuel and oil but not occupants)
Government Standard - weight and wing loading limits
Construction By - owner
Aircraft Modifications - owner permitted to make modifications
Maintenance - as needed, by owner
Minimum Pilot Permit/License - Pilot Permit - Ultralight Aeroplane.
Passenger Carrying - not permitted. Two pilots may fly together in an ultralight.

Ultralight - single or two place

Call Letters - C-Ixxx
Weight Limits - 544 kg (1200 lbs) maximum takeoff weight
Government Standard - weight and stall speed plus a useful load limit. (See the AULA Strategy on Transport Canada's Recreational Aviation web page.)
Construction By - owner
Aircraft Modifications - owner permitted to make modifications
Maintenance - as needed, by owner
Minimum Pilot Permit/License - Pilot Permit - Ultralight Aeroplane
Passenger Carrying - not permitted. Two pilots may fly together in an ultralight

Advanced Ultralight
With the introduction of the new Canadian Aviation Regulations (CARs), this class of ultralight will be a class of the "I" registered Ultralight category.

Call Letters - C-Ixxx (It is proposed that older registered AULAs will keep the C-Fxxx or C-Gxxx registration until it is re-registered by a new owner.)
Weight Limits - 480 kg (1058 lbs) gross weight plus float allowance
Government Standard - TP10141
Construction By - Manufacturer, or by owner from manufacturer's kit
Aircraft Modifications - with pre-approval of manufacturer only
Maintenance - by owner, who must follow manufacturer's maintenance schedule
Minimum Pilot's Permit/License - Pilot Permit - Ultralight Aeroplane
Passenger Carrying - Permitted only if pilot holds a Recreational Pilot Permit or higher licence. Two pilots may fly together in an advanced ultralight.

Amateur-Built(also called home built or experimental)

Call Letters - C-Fxxx or C-Gxxx
Weight Limits - 4000 lbs gross weight
Government Standard - T51-13-549E
Construction By - owner (aircraft must by at least 51% built by owner, and have 2 inspections before flight)
Aircraft Modifications - owner permitted to make modifications
Maintenance - by owner, entered in an aircraft log book, annual activity report submitted to Transport Canada.
Minimum Pilot Permit/License - Recreational Pilot Permit. However, if the aircraft meets the new definition of ultralight, it can be flown by an ultralight pilot, but not with a passenger.
Passenger Carrying - Permitted with Recreational Pilot Permit or higher license.

Certified

Call Letters - C-Fxxx or C-Gxxx
Weight Limits - no limit
Government Standard - Type Certificate
Construction By - Manufacturer
Aircraft Modifications - STC approved only, by Transport Canada Licensed Aircraft Maintenance Engineer (AME).
Maintenance - AME. Annual inspection and current Certificate of Airworthiness required
Minimum Pilot Permit/License - Recreational Pilot Permit. However, if the aircraft meets the new definition of ultralight, it can be flown by an ultralight pilot, but not with a passenger.
Passenger Carrying - Permitted with a Recreatinal Pilot Permit or higher license.

2. 초경량 항공기 조종사 자격은 다음과 같습니다.

(1) 초경량 항공기 조종사(Pilot Permit - Ultralight Aeroplane)

- 최소 16세 이상(학생은 14세 이상)

- Class 4 medical - declared

- Transport Canada에서 승인한 지상학과과정(Ground School)

- Transport Canada의 필기시험, ULTRA (Air Regulations, Procedures, etc.)
- 10 시간의 비행시간(최소한 5시간의 듀얼과 2시간의 솔로 포함)

- 30회 이상의 이착륙, Circuits(10회 이상의 솔로)

(2) 자가용조종사 면장(PPL-A)이 있는 경우

- Class 4 medical

- Transport Canada에서 승인한 지상학과과정(Ground School)

- Transport Canada의 테스트, ULTRA (Air Regulations, Procedures, etc.)

- 최소 5시간의 비행시간(2시간 듀얼과 2시간 솔로 포함)

- 30회 이상의 이착륙, Circuits(10회 이상의 솔로)

(3) 교관 자격(Flight Instructor Rating)

- 최소 18세 이상

- unrestricted Class 3 Medical or Higher

- Transport Canada에서 승인한 지상학과과정(from an ultralight flight instructor)

- Transport Canada의 필기시험, ULTRA (Air Regulations, Procedures, etc.)
- Transport Canada의 승인된 교관과정( developed from Part 1 of the Flight

Instructor Guide)

- Transport Canada의 교수법(instructional techniques, FITEN) 필기시험

- 최소 50시간의 초경량 비행시간(including not less than 5 hours dual instruction, 5 hours dual flight time on insturctional techniques, and 25 hours solo.)

(4) 교관자격(자가용조종사 면장(PPL-A)이 있는 경우)-

If you currently hold a PPL-A or higher, the flight time is reduced from 50 hours on Ultralight Aeroplanes to 25. If you currently hold or have a held a Flight Instructors rating you are exempted from the ground school and FITEN test. Credits for the RPP holder are not available at this time.

What kind of license (permit) do I need to fly an ultralight in Canada?

To Legally Fly an Ultralight Aeroplane in Canada

If you are presently unlicensed you must get a Pilot Permit - Ultralight Aeroplne. The requirements are:
• be at least 16 yrs of age (14 for a student permit)
• have a Class 4 medical - declared
• take a Transport Canada approved ground school
• take a Transport Canada written test, ULTRA (Air Regulations, Procedures, etc.)
• have a total of 10 hours flying time, including not less than 5 hours dual instruction and 2 hours solo flying
• flight time to include 30 takeoffs, circuits, and landings, 10 as sole occupant of the plane.

If you already have a Private Pilot License Aeroplane (PPL-A) or a Recreational Pilot Permit (RPP), you may fly an ultralight as a priviledge of that license. A checkout is strongly recommended.
The ultralight pilot permit is a separate permit. You may hold it along with aa higher licence. The credits for the RPP holder towards the Ultralight Permit are not available at this time.
If you have had a PPL-A within the last 5 years and want an Ultralight Permit, the requirements are:
• have a Class 4 Medical
• take a Transport Canada approved ground school
• take the Transport Canada test ULTRA (Air Regulations, Procedures, etc.)
• flying time is reduced to 5 hours total including 2 hours dual, 2 hours solo
• flight time to include 20 takeoffs, circuits, landings, 10 as sole occupant of the plane

If you currently hold a pilot's license in any other category of aircraft and want an Ultralight Permit, the above requirement for the TC test ULTRA is deleted. If you curently hold a PPL-A, the requirement for the ground school is also deleted.
The flight times above must be completed within the 24 months preceding the filing of the license application.
The Flight Instructor Rating - Ultralight Aeroplane allows the holder to train ultralight pilots and ultralight instrucors. The requirements are:
• be at least 18 years of age.
• have an unrestricted Class 3 Medical or higher
• take a Transport Canada approved ground school (from an ultralight flight instructor)
• take the Transport Canada written test, ULTRA
• take a Transport Canada approved course of instructional techniques developed from Part 1 of the Flight Instructor Guide
• take the Transport Canada written test on instructional techniques, FITEN
• flight time includes a minimum of 50 hours on Ultralight aeroplanes, including not less than 5 hours dual instruction, 5 hours dual flight time on insturctional techniques, and 25 hours solo.

If you currently hold a PPL-A or higher, the flight time is reduced from 50 hours on Ultralight Aeroplanes to 25. If you currently hold or have a held a Flight Instructors rating you are exempted from the ground school and FITEN test. Credits for the RPP holder are not available at this time.